The Yoga of Self-Perfection associated with the creation of the new world in the Divine Will has its early foundation in the Sapta Chatusthaya, the seven elements or seven tetrads. Sri Aurobindo had received it when he was in the Alipore Jail as an under-trial prisoner for his alleged act of sedition against the British government in India, during 1908-09. A note in the Supplement of the Birth Centenary publication says the following: “These mantras along with the notes which accompany them were written down by Sri Aurobindo, probably after his release from prison in May, 1909, and certainly before his departure from Chandernagore on March 31, 1910.” For want of valid judicial proofs, Sri Aurobindo was acquitted and released from the jail on 6 May 1909. However, the British were still after this “dangerous man” and soon he had to go in hiding. This he did after receiving an inner command, ādeśa, and first he was in Chandernagore, not too far from Calcutta, for two and a half months, and then he left for Pondicherry where he arrived on 4 April 1910. Both the towns were French settlements at those days. Sri Aurobindo remained in Pondicherry ever since then, the place having become his Cave of Tapasya. It is here that the Mother was soon to join in the great work they had come to do together. The early seeds of the great work, from the point of view of Adhyatmayoga, were in these Chatusthayas, precise in their formulation, almost like Yoga Aphorisms.


But it is unfortunate that there is no documentay text of the Chatusthayas available in Sri Aurobindo’s own handwriting. What we have are transcripts written down by the first young disciples. We are told that these transcripts or “copies were made either from now-lost manuscript written by Sri Aurobindo or, more likely, from one or more written records of a series of talks given by him.” In any case, there cannot be any doubt about the authenticity of their yogic-spiritual contents. Never in yogic annals were given such precise steps, except perhaps what has come down to us in Patanjali’s Yoga Sutra. If one is chiefly concerned with the Rajayoga, the other has for it the objective of the Adhyatmayoga.


Let us take an example of an entry, probably written in early 1913: “There is full perfection of the first chatusthaya; in the second, there are still defects, but you can see the immense progress made in the human parts of the system. Only the divine part is still imperfect. Till then the full intensity cannot come. The perfection is coming. This is the full attack on the karma, no longer of men, but of nature. They have called up the elements to aid them. The battle with the elements is still a losing battle for the present. Nor is the ideality is yet perfectly combined in detail. This is the proof of the ideality but it has yet to be perfected. The knowledge is once more working with a near approach to perfection, only some of the placements are still wrong. The power must be brought up to the same level in its ordinary movements, then in the body, then in the karma. The power will now begin to work in the ideality and in harmony with the knowledge, the telepathy and trikaldrishti. Although it is as yet incompletely done, still it is done…” (Record of Yoga, Part II, pp. 1309-10)


Sapta Chatusthaya, or Yoganga as it is called, could be briefly presented in its revised order as follows: (Record of Yoga, Part I p. 22)

 

• Siddhi Chatusthaya—Shuddhi, Mukti, Bhukti, Siddhi

• Brahma Chatusthaya—Sarvam Anantam, Jnanam, Anandam, Brahma

• Karma Chatusthaya—Krishna, Kali, Karma, Kama

• Shanti Chatusthaya—Samata, Shanti, Sukha, Hasya (Atmaprasada)

• Shakti Chatusthaya—Virya, Shakti, Chandibhava, Sraddha

• Vijnana Chatusthaya—Jnana, Trikaladrishti, Ashtasiddhi, Samadhi

• Sharira Chatusthaya—Arogya, Utthapana, Saundarya, Vividhananda

 

Sri Aurobindo has incorporated many of these features in The Synthesis of Yoga dealing with the Yoga of Self-Perfection. Let us, however, take by way of an illustration just one entry from his Record, showing how meticulously and scientifically Sri Aurobindo was carrying out his yoga-tapasya, about which we have otherwise the least idea. Even with our best minds and our best faculties, we will simply stand aghast at the kind of things that are involved in this remarkable Yoga of his. In this wonderment the Mother’s Agenda is the only other thing that can stand along with it. What, then, about we rationalists’ little talk regarding the human potential and the technology promoting spiritual prospects! It looks such a small curious thing in comparison, perhaps no more than a queer inquisitiveness of the mind! But let us read Sri Aurobindo’s entry, dated 30 April 1918: (pp. 1041-43)

 

Completion of Brahma-chatusthaya in the perception and sense of all things as the conscious body of the Purushottama. This was prepared by the sortilege


rasohamapsu kaunteya prabhāsmi śaśisūryayoh

pranavah sarvavedeşu śabdah khe pauruşam nŗşu


followed by the sense of the Ishwara as the delight, rasa, in the flood of the being, apsu, the light of knowledge in the vijnana (sun) and mentality (moon), the word and the thought, the tapas. This led to the perception and sense of all substance of matter and consciousness, quality, force, thought, action etc. as the Ishwara. Formerly new perceptions were of separate things (tattwas, elements) and temporary, though often of long duration, but now it is global, integral, steadfast. It rejects the remnants of the intellectual fragmentation and division which still come to deny its existence.


Ananda of samata has proved sufficiently firm throughout the month. It is now combined firmly with the tapas; desire has perished, though tapatya still remains, but only as a minor element. Therefore the touches of asamata can get no hold, are entirely external and cast out of the adhar automatically, as soon as they enter. External, moreover, not of any near, but of a distantly watching, rather environing mentality.


Tapas is now very strong; in the field of exercise the obstacle has no longer a genuine power of resistance, but only of persistence and this again persists only by a persistent recurrence which gives it after much difficulty the power for a time to reestablish itself rather than by a right of its own in the environment. This is even when the tapas is without knowledge of trikaldrishti. The movement has now begun which will turn Time from an obstacle with which the personal Tapas had to struggle into an instrument which the personal Tapas, become that of the transcendent will working upon the universal to modify it as well as through the universal, will use for the disposition of its results. This movement is as yet only initial; as it advances tapas and trikaldrishti will become entirely reconciled and identified. Trikaldrishti increases in frequency and has begun to carry with it the right perception of Time.


This development enables the Chandi in the devibhava to affirm its characteristic singhi element more firmly. The Ishwarabhava and attahasya are preparing to grow upon the system.


The intellect is generally fading out of the system, (lipi, euthanasia of the intellectuality) and the whole is becoming vijnana + intuitive mentality. Only a vague floating remnant of the real intellectuality is left; it acts most when faced with the obstacle in life.


All is being idealised in the samadhi, but the dialogue, narrative etc are still usually mental, swapnamaya, though much more sustained and coherent. Reading is still normally incoherent. All are occasionally ideal. Lipi is always ideal, but is less perfected in its eightfold quality and less free and spontaneously active in the antardarshi than in the bahirdarshi. Rupa and vishaya in the bahirdarshi are still unable to take firm hold of the etheric system.


On the whole the “liberty in the idealities” (lipi, 21st April) is working itself out, but does not cover the whole third chatusthaya and is nowhere quite absolute.


Is this not the kind of Yoga of Self-Perfection that was practised by Aswapati when he set himslef to create the new world in the House of the Spirit? a world based on Perfection’s Law? The Purusha Yoga or the Yoga of the Supreme Being is done and the Prakriti Yoga, of the divine Consciousness-Force must now begin, that this new world descend upon the earth.